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The audit risk is generally evaluated based on accounting...

The audit risk is generally evaluated based on accounting firm policy and professional judgment. Our firm requires us to assess low audit risk, which is to be 0.05, for the audit client that generally has stable financial condition and achieve steady financial performance. Tiffany is profitable company and has strong financial position: the net income in 2012 and 2011 are $416M and $439M respectively, Net assets in 2012 and 2011 are $2,611M and $2,349M respectively. In addition, the market share of the company in jewelry industry ranks No.1 in US and No. 2 in the world. They could keep their position continuously due to brand power and valuable employees. Therefore, we determined our overall audit risk to be 0.05. Risk Material†¦show more content†¦In addition, due to the nature of jewelry, they are generally small and consist of a large number of items. This means that it is very difficult for the company to custody, control, and manage its inventory. Based on our evaluation above mentioned, we assessed the inherent risk of the inventory to be very high, which is 0.90. We also interviewed with management, inventory manager, and staffs and went through a number of documents which is related to inventory account, such as control manual and work instructions, to obtain basis to evaluate control risk of the inventory. As a result of our work, we realized that the company has reasonably sound internal controls of the inventory to obviate management fraud and diminish business risks. However, we found out there was a big embezzlement, which is related to inventory account. A former vice president of product development at Tiffany was accused of stealing $1.3 million worth of jewelry betwee n January 2011 and February 2013. It implies that their internal control of the inventory has some weakness parts and need to be improved to prevent similar accidents. However, except for above one, we did not find any significant fraud or accident in the company that could increase a major risk of the company. Under our analysis, we evaluated evaluated the control risk to be slightly high (below the maximum), which is 0.60. Therefore, the RMM of the inventory for Tiffany equals 0.54 (IR x CR, which is 0.90*0.60).Show MoreRelatedAuditing Chapter 2 and 31135 Words   |  5 Pagesgathering audit evidence? A. Performance 2.27) Which of the following is not related to ethical requirements of auditors? D. professional judgment 2.28) One of an accounting firm’s basic objectives is to provide professional services that conform to professional standards. Reasonable assurance of the achieving this objective can be obtained by the following B. 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Lord/Rabbi Jonathan Sacks Speech to the Vatican Free Essays

string(58) " the creation of the first couples who were Adam and Eve\." The speech was all about monogamy and marriage. Likewise, the statement seems to have three verses that do not have a connection with each other. At the same time, the statement appears to have some logic but lacks a sequence. We will write a custom essay sample on Lord/Rabbi Jonathan Sacks Speech to the Vatican or any similar topic only for you Order Now For instance, in Genesis 3:19 God told man; â€Å"Through your brow’s sweat, you will feed up to the moment you go back to the ground since it is where you originated from since you are dust and then you must go back to the same dust.† In the following verse, it reads; â€Å"The man identified his wife as Eve since she represented the mother of every life.† Likewise, â€Å"The Lord God created garments from the skin for Adam plus his wife as cloths.† One then wonders what exactly is the connection in this piece. The other question that arises touches on what made it right for God to allow a man to name his wife. Also, it develops the debate on whether the move appeared to have changed the attitude of God towards human beings. However, it seems that God might have forgiven them through his decision of making for them clothes. Also, the Hebrew word denoting ‘skin’ is nearly not differentiable from the Hebrew word that means ‘light,’ such that Rabbi Meir, the major sage of the ancient second century, acknowledged that God created them as ‘garments of light.’ Still, this raises doubt on was its exact meaning. A careful reading of the text reveals that up this moment, the first humankind had offered his wife for the just generic name. He identified her as ishah, woman. Taking a recap on he told her; â€Å"This now represents the bone extracted from my bones and also the flesh from mine as well. Hence, she shall be identified as a woman since she was extracted from a man†. To him, she was not only a person but a type as well. Similarly, he availed to her a noun while not just a name. On top of this, the definition for her according to him is a derivative taken from him; that is something that has its roots from a man. She represents not only a person for him but also for his right as well. At the same time, she is a reflection of him. So long as a man began to develop thoughts of being immortal, he then produced the urge of not wanting any other person next to him. At the time he would end up dying and then go back to dust. However, there existed one option where something linked to him would have a life after his death. The option, in this case, would only be bearing a child. The only challenge is that he could not give a child by himself. Consequently, he had to seek for a wife. Man alone is not in a position of giving birth. On the other hand, the woman is in an area of mitigating the mortality of man. This does not imply that she represented him but primarily because she was indeed not like him. At this juncture, she opted for not being for him but instead resorted to being an individual of her right. Additionally, each person has a defined name. Hence, it is the reason; he named her Chava, â€Å"Eve† that means â€Å"provider of life.† During the time they were close to leaving the Eden and meet the real world, an area inhabited by darkness, Adam offered to his wife the very first gift linked to love, where it marked the personal name. At this juncture, God had a love type of response to both of them and also made for them a cloth to cover their nakedness or as denoted by Rabbi Meir; â€Å"garments representing light.† Consequently, it has always been there for the time is that when a woman and a man turn to each other, there is a bond of faithfulness. God was responsible for making for them the garments representing light. In this regard, it brings the picture of coming close next to God himself, that offers new life, turns the biological prose through the poetry covering on the spirit of a human being and eventually leading to the redemption of darkness in the world through the radiance constituted in love. The Pentateuch’s teachings in relation to the marriage institution with respect to the commentaries from the historical critical times. Marriage as explained in Old Testament The beginning chapters covered in the Old Testament starting with the story on the creation of the first couples who were Adam and Eve. You read "Lord/Rabbi Jonathan Sacks Speech to the Vatican" in category "Papers" The story with no doubt talks about the practice of monogamy. Patriarchs within the lineage of Seth were following this practice (Genesis 7:7). However, the family of Cain practiced polygamy (Gen 4:19). With Abraham, his wife was Sarah. After Sarah discovering that she could not bear a child, she opted to give Hagar, who was her maid to her husband, Abraham so that she could have a progeny. Also, when reading, it is established that Isaac was Sara’s son while Abraham deserted Ishmael and Hagar following the directive of Sarah. The implication of this was that children belonging to the maid or even the concubine have no rights of children associated with that of a wife. At a later date after Sara’s death, Abraham decided to take Kethura as the wife. There is the Ancient West Asian document linked with the 1700 BCE, the Hammurabi code that acknowledges that a husband has an opportunity of managing a wife unless that wife is not capable giving birth where the man may take the concubine. However, the concubine has no right linked to being a wife. The code at the same time singles out the case of a barren wife, where it notes that she must offer to her husband the concubine as a way of ensuring the continuation of the family. During the creation of the very first family, it creates the something that can be noted concerning the nature of a wife accorded to Adam. In Genesis 2:18 it states; â€Å"I will give him his helper to serve as his partner.† Adam was molded in God’s image and Eve, on the other hand, was created from Adam’s rib that at the same time was also done in same God’s image. The objective of the creation of Eve as already noted earlier was to serve as the ‘partner’ or a ‘helper.’ The phrase used by the Hebrews, in this case, implies that â€Å"the one that shows correspondence to’ or ‘fit for’ or ‘shows complimentary too.† In this case, there is an emphasis on the mutuality among the partners. None is regarded as being neither superior nor even inferior to the other. Hence, equality within sexes has always been implicit from the very beginning. Eve who is considered as the mother of all the living (Genesis 3:20) is viewed distinctly as Adam from the first couple’s picture. She represents a feminine touching all the races while Adam, in the same manner, represents the masculine (Gen 2:23). The personality of Eve is also complete same to that Adam; that is very rational and also accountable the same way as Adam. However, the position held by a wife and a mother is not the same. Likewise, the history touching on the marriage and the family as well assume another turn. The practice of monogamy found itself falling into misuse in Israel. For instance, on many occasions, Gideon married many wives (Judas 8:29-31). Bigamy is also accorded recognition as being a legal matter as covered in Deuteronomy 21:15-17. Uncountable concubines among the top class rulers and kings have so far dominated the scene. Later, there is a restriction of it by Talmud to only five. However, the renowned practice was indeed the monogamy. â€Å"The monogamous marriage’s image is just before the eyes of the prophets who serve as the representatives of Israel as the one wife being the one preferred by God† ( Hosea 2:4, Jeremiah 2:2, Isaiah 50:1, 54:6-7, 62:4-5). Similarly, wisdom literature is also in support of this perception towards monogamy. A woman that is not married is still governed by her father, while the married one is under the leadership of her husband. The Decalogue offers the presentation of a wife as part of the wealth owned by a man (Exodus 20:17). That does not mean that there were slaves. She was vested with power and also the authority on the wealth owned by her husband despite the husband remaining to be her master (Abraham showed obedience to Sarah by chasing Hagar and her child. Genesis 21; 10-12). The child that has been born through marriage is part of the family of the father. Through marriage, a woman leaves her parents and takes a new life with the husband. All her children would belong to this new found life with the husband. On the other hand, the polygamous practice leads to problems within the families. Hence to solve such incidences, regulations were defined (Deuteronomy 21:15-17). The practice, in this case, resulted in the creation of families within families. This is covered in Judas 9:1-2. There is no clear evidence concerning the marriage age. In the book of Kings, the accession age of a king, the duration of his leadership and the period for a succession of his son are stated. Through calculating, then it is possible to arrive at a given period; 15-18 as the age defined for marriage. However, Rabbis defined it as 12 for ladies and 13 for boys. Marriage Practice The father is responsible for all decisions concerning the children in the marriage. No consultation is held concerning this with the children. Previously, it was normal for taking a wife within one’s kin or kith (Gen.24:2- 4; Neh.13:25). Betrothal or the engagement denotes the marriage promise reached before marking the wedding celebration (Deuteronomy 20:7). Similarly, it signals a commitment that serves as binding in the marriage. Betrothed individuals are identified as a wife and a husband (Genesis 29:12). Going against the state of betrothal is regarded as committing adultery (Deuteronomy 22: 23-25). The man who is considered as living in an endangered state is often relieved of participating in duties such as war. Mohar (bride price) is the agreement made during the day of betrothal. Love and romanticism aspect is not always alien towards the patriarchal based world (Genesis 29: 20, 34:3, 1Sam 18:20). Marriage was indeed a local type of contract and did not have any sanctioning from any form of the religious rite. A contract of written marriage is well singled out in Tob.7:13. According to the Hammurabi Code, it makes a declaration that marriage finalized minus a formal form of the contract remains invalid. In Israel, the divorce acts were formulated before the period of exile (Deuteronomy 24:1-3, Jeremiah 3:8) and it would create a surprise that if the marriage contracts never existed during that period. Elsewhere there is the Elephantine contract type of formula of the 5th BCE century. It states that; â€Å"She remains my wife and I also remain to be her husband from today and forever.† The woman did not have the chance of declaring (cf. Tob.7:11). The ceremony involving marriage is classified into three parts; the coming of the bride into the house of the bridegroom, the feast of the wedding and the third case being the consummation. The main part of the ceremony is the entrance. The wearing of a crown by the bridegroom is followed by the friends in conjunction with band and turbines (I Mac.9:39). The bride must dress richly and also put on jewels (Ps. 44:15-15), however putting of a veil (Song. 4:1, 3:6-7) needs an escort of companions (Ps.45:15) and must performed in the house of the bridegroom (Ps. 45:16, cf. Genesis. 24:67). She removes the veil only while in the bridal chamber. Songs of love had to be recited that shower praises to the couples. Conclusion This paper has presented a discussion on quotation and The Pentateuch’s teachings in relation to the marriage institution with respect to the commentaries from the historical critical times. Making a comparison of this with the modern world, it would lead the astonishment upon realizing that many of the ideologies and practices represent the continuities of the impacts of the ancient customs, rites, and practices. How to cite Lord/Rabbi Jonathan Sacks Speech to the Vatican, Papers

Animal Farm Revolution Essay Example For Students

Animal Farm Revolution Essay The purpose of the Russian Revolution was to fix problems from Czar Nicholas II. The purpose of the Animal Farm Revolution was to make life better for all theanimals. However, both revolutions made life worse afterwards. All of thecharacters in Animal Farm have counterparts in real life. This book was based onthe Russian Revolution, and all the important populace of the revolution aresymbolized. Some of the animals represent individuals in the Russian Revolution,and some types of animals represent different types of Russian citizens. Mr. We will write a custom essay on Animal Farm Revolution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Jones closely resembles Czar Nicholas II. The animal rebellion on the farm wasstarted because Mr. Jones was a drunk who never took care of his animals. Thismade his animals very angry. Fed by the words of Old Major the animals decidedto rebel like the Russians. Czar Nicholas II was a very weak man who treated hispeople similar to how Mr. Jones treated his animals. Czar made his working classpeople very uneasy with the way he used his authority and preached all the time,and the people suffered and finally demanded reform by rebelling. Old Majorclosely resembles Karl Marx and V.I Lenin. Old Major resembles Karl Marxbecause, like the political thinker, Major brought about and created the idea ofCommunism, or ?Animalism, the Animal Farm version of this system ofthought. In a way, Major is associated with V.I Lenin of the Russian Revolution,the opportunist who brought and initiated the communist way of life on this landwhen it needed a new system-of-thought to help its troubled economy an d theway-of-life its people were forced to live out every day. Snowball closelyresembles Leon Trotsky. Snowball believed 100% of Old Majors ideas. Snowballwanted all the things Old Major wanted, such as the welfare of the animals. LeonTrotsky believed and wanted the same things as V.I Lenin, and wanted to continuewhat Lenin had started. Napoleon closely resembles Joseph Stalin. Napoleon wasselfish and greedy. He did not want to share the power or the decision makingwith any other individual. At first Napoleon and Snowball shared the decisionmaking and had debates about what course of action they would take. This workedfor a while. Then Napoleon grew weary of long debates, and he thought he couldmake his decision by himself. He then forced Snowball out of the farm andstarted to spread lies about Snowball to get the entire farm against him. JosephStalin did the same thing against Leon Trotsky. Stalin forced Trotsky intohiding in Mexico, where Trotsky was eventually assassinated. Both Stalin andNapoleon ruined any hopes of equal and fair government and instead, set updictatorships. Squealer closely resembles the Propaganda Department of V.ILenins government. Squealer did not make the decisions in the government, butacted more like the controlled media as in the Russian government. Squealersjob was to influence the people by exaggerating and re-writing history andsometimes even telling outright plain lies. The animals would listen tosquealer, and Squealer would always listen to Napoleon. The Department would useany lie to convince the people to follow Joseph Stalin, and the Departmentbenefited from the fact that education was controlled. The dogs closely resemblethe Secret Police (KGB). The dogs were Napoleons private army that used fearto force the animals to work. The dogs would kill or intimidate any opponent ofNapoleon. The dogs were part of Napoleons strategy to control the rest of theanimals. The Secret Police (KGB) was not really police, but they forced sup portfor Joseph Stalin. KGB used force, and they often killed entire families fordisobedience. KGB was extremely loyal to their master. Mollie closely resemblesthe vain, and selfish people in Russia and the world. Mollie only cared abouther ribbons, and wasnt much of a thinker. All Mollie wanted was to eat sugar,and look pretty. Some of the people in Russia and the world just didnt careabout the Russian Revolution. They only thought about themselves and went toother countries that offered more to them. I believe Boxer represents all thepeople in Russia. The poverty stricken, the homeless, who still work hard inorder to make the system of Communism or Animalism work. Boxer is therepresentation of workers who are pushed around, who are taken for all they areworth, and who are left for dead. Benjamin the donkey closely resembles theskeptical people in Russia and outside of Russia. Benjamin was a critic whoalways said Ive seen that before and Itll never work. Theskeptical people were not sure that the Russian Revolution would changeanything. Animalism closely resembles Communism. Animalism is a system that saysthere are no owners. There are no rich and no poor. Workers get a better lifeand all the animals are equal. Every animal owns the farm. Communism is a systemthat says there are no owners. There are no rich and no poor. All people areequal, and the governments own everything, but the people own the governments. .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 , .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 .postImageUrl , .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 , .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81:hover , .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81:visited , .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81:active { border:0!important; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81:active , .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Parts of Computer Essay SummaryThe animals of Manor Farm overthrow their human master after many years ofmistreatment. The animals learn how to read and write. Then the animals changeManor Farm to Animal Farm. The animals came up with 7 commandmentsand they are: 1. Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy. 2. Whatevergoes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend. 3. No animal shall wearclothes. 4. No animal shall sleep in a bed. 5. No animal shall drinkalcohol. 6. No animal shall kill any other animal. 7. All animalsare equal. Then they decide to build a windmill. Led by the pigs, the farmanimals continue to do their work, only with more pride, knowing that they areworking for themselves, as opposed to working for their human master, Mr. Jones. Slowly over time the pigs gain power and take advantage of the other animals. The pigs gain so much power that they become just as power hungry and corrupt astheir human master. All through the story, Napoleon messes up and breaks some ofthe commandments, but he changes them without anyone knowing. He changedcommandments 4, 5, 6, and 7 to: 4. No animal shall sleep in a bed withsheets. 5. No animal shall drink alcohol to excess. 6. No animalshall kill another animal without cause. 7. All animals are equal, butsome animals are more equal than others. The pigeons acted as messagecarriers, spreading propaganda between farms. The pigeons spread Napoleonswords from farm to farm, or in actual Russian Revolution, country to country. Inthe end of George Orwells tale, Animal Farm is much worse a place for thecommon animals than it had been previous to the revolution. The food was scarce,and the leadership was harsh and unruly. The workload was hard, and theconditions of life for the common animals had changed for the worse. The pigs,the leaders of Animal Farm, celebrate their victory and their entrance intohigh-society. The lowly other animals still left on the farm, look on. GeorgeOrwell has created a masterpiece, which is excellent if it is without any priorknowledge to the Russian Revolution. This book does an excellent job of drawingparallels from the situation leading up to the Russian Revolution of 1917. Ithink Orwell is a genius because he has cleverly hidden the satire in such a waythat everything fits into the picture like a jigsaw puzzle. BibliographyAnimal Farm. Comparison of characters to Russian Revolution. 1999. http://www.globalserve.net/~glamont/afrmruss.html 6-1-99 8:02pm Stalin, Joseph. Stalin, Joseph. New Standard Encyclopedia 1930ed. Stalin, Joseph. History. The World Book Encyclopedia 1999ed.

Animal Farm Revolution Essay Example For Students

Animal Farm Revolution Essay The purpose of the Russian Revolution was to fix problems from Czar Nicholas II. The purpose of the Animal Farm Revolution was to make life better for all theanimals. However, both revolutions made life worse afterwards. All of thecharacters in Animal Farm have counterparts in real life. This book was based onthe Russian Revolution, and all the important populace of the revolution aresymbolized. Some of the animals represent individuals in the Russian Revolution,and some types of animals represent different types of Russian citizens. Mr. We will write a custom essay on Animal Farm Revolution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Jones closely resembles Czar Nicholas II. The animal rebellion on the farm wasstarted because Mr. Jones was a drunk who never took care of his animals. Thismade his animals very angry. Fed by the words of Old Major the animals decidedto rebel like the Russians. Czar Nicholas II was a very weak man who treated hispeople similar to how Mr. Jones treated his animals. Czar made his working classpeople very uneasy with the way he used his authority and preached all the time,and the people suffered and finally demanded reform by rebelling. Old Majorclosely resembles Karl Marx and V.I Lenin. Old Major resembles Karl Marxbecause, like the political thinker, Major brought about and created the idea ofCommunism, or ?Animalism, the Animal Farm version of this system ofthought. In a way, Major is associated with V.I Lenin of the Russian Revolution,the opportunist who brought and initiated the communist way of life on this landwhen it needed a new system-of-thought to help its troubled economy an d theway-of-life its people were forced to live out every day. Snowball closelyresembles Leon Trotsky. Snowball believed 100% of Old Majors ideas. Snowballwanted all the things Old Major wanted, such as the welfare of the animals. LeonTrotsky believed and wanted the same things as V.I Lenin, and wanted to continuewhat Lenin had started. Napoleon closely resembles Joseph Stalin. Napoleon wasselfish and greedy. He did not want to share the power or the decision makingwith any other individual. At first Napoleon and Snowball shared the decisionmaking and had debates about what course of action they would take. This workedfor a while. Then Napoleon grew weary of long debates, and he thought he couldmake his decision by himself. He then forced Snowball out of the farm andstarted to spread lies about Snowball to get the entire farm against him. JosephStalin did the same thing against Leon Trotsky. Stalin forced Trotsky intohiding in Mexico, where Trotsky was eventually assassinated. Both Stalin andNapoleon ruined any hopes of equal and fair government and instead, set updictatorships. Squealer closely resembles the Propaganda Department of V.ILenins government. Squealer did not make the decisions in the government, butacted more like the controlled media as in the Russian government. Squealersjob was to influence the people by exaggerating and re-writing history andsometimes even telling outright plain lies. The animals would listen tosquealer, and Squealer would always listen to Napoleon. The Department would useany lie to convince the people to follow Joseph Stalin, and the Departmentbenefited from the fact that education was controlled. The dogs closely resemblethe Secret Police (KGB). The dogs were Napoleons private army that used fearto force the animals to work. The dogs would kill or intimidate any opponent ofNapoleon. The dogs were part of Napoleons strategy to control the rest of theanimals. The Secret Police (KGB) was not really police, but they forced sup portfor Joseph Stalin. KGB used force, and they often killed entire families fordisobedience. KGB was extremely loyal to their master. Mollie closely resemblesthe vain, and selfish people in Russia and the world. Mollie only cared abouther ribbons, and wasnt much of a thinker. All Mollie wanted was to eat sugar,and look pretty. Some of the people in Russia and the world just didnt careabout the Russian Revolution. They only thought about themselves and went toother countries that offered more to them. I believe Boxer represents all thepeople in Russia. The poverty stricken, the homeless, who still work hard inorder to make the system of Communism or Animalism work. Boxer is therepresentation of workers who are pushed around, who are taken for all they areworth, and who are left for dead. Benjamin the donkey closely resembles theskeptical people in Russia and outside of Russia. Benjamin was a critic whoalways said Ive seen that before and Itll never work. Theskeptical people were not sure that the Russian Revolution would changeanything. Animalism closely resembles Communism. Animalism is a system that saysthere are no owners. There are no rich and no poor. Workers get a better lifeand all the animals are equal. Every animal owns the farm. Communism is a systemthat says there are no owners. There are no rich and no poor. All people areequal, and the governments own everything, but the people own the governments. .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 , .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 .postImageUrl , .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 , .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81:hover , .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81:visited , .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81:active { border:0!important; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81:active , .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81 .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u434d02acbbfe8b1fda210794acaf5d81:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Parts of Computer Essay SummaryThe animals of Manor Farm overthrow their human master after many years ofmistreatment. The animals learn how to read and write. Then the animals changeManor Farm to Animal Farm. The animals came up with 7 commandmentsand they are: 1. Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy. 2. Whatevergoes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend. 3. No animal shall wearclothes. 4. No animal shall sleep in a bed. 5. No animal shall drinkalcohol. 6. No animal shall kill any other animal. 7. All animalsare equal. Then they decide to build a windmill. Led by the pigs, the farmanimals continue to do their work, only with more pride, knowing that they areworking for themselves, as opposed to working for their human master, Mr. Jones. Slowly over time the pigs gain power and take advantage of the other animals. The pigs gain so much power that they become just as power hungry and corrupt astheir human master. All through the story, Napoleon messes up and breaks some ofthe commandments, but he changes them without anyone knowing. He changedcommandments 4, 5, 6, and 7 to: 4. No animal shall sleep in a bed withsheets. 5. No animal shall drink alcohol to excess. 6. No animalshall kill another animal without cause. 7. All animals are equal, butsome animals are more equal than others. The pigeons acted as messagecarriers, spreading propaganda between farms. The pigeons spread Napoleonswords from farm to farm, or in actual Russian Revolution, country to country. Inthe end of George Orwells tale, Animal Farm is much worse a place for thecommon animals than it had been previous to the revolution. The food was scarce,and the leadership was harsh and unruly. The workload was hard, and theconditions of life for the common animals had changed for the worse. The pigs,the leaders of Animal Farm, celebrate their victory and their entrance intohigh-society. The lowly other animals still left on the farm, look on. GeorgeOrwell has created a masterpiece, which is excellent if it is without any priorknowledge to the Russian Revolution. This book does an excellent job of drawingparallels from the situation leading up to the Russian Revolution of 1917. Ithink Orwell is a genius because he has cleverly hidden the satire in such a waythat everything fits into the picture like a jigsaw puzzle. BibliographyAnimal Farm. Comparison of characters to Russian Revolution. 1999. http://www.globalserve.net/~glamont/afrmruss.html 6-1-99 8:02pm Stalin, Joseph. Stalin, Joseph. New Standard Encyclopedia 1930ed. Stalin, Joseph. History. The World Book Encyclopedia 1999ed.